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Unit 1 · 11 lessons

Matter, Chemical Trends & Bonding

How atoms are built, how the periodic table organizes their behaviour, and how atoms bond and interact to form the compounds around us.

  • 123 practice questions
  • 108 flashcards
  • 2 interactive lessons
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Lessons

  1. 1Atomic Models & Bohr TheoryHow our picture of the atom evolved, why excited atoms glow in specific colours, and what that tells us about electron energy levels.12 questions
  2. 2Isotopes, Atomic Mass & Isotopic AbundanceWhy atoms of the same element can have different masses, and how the periodic table's decimal atomic mass is really a weighted average.11 questions
  3. 3Organization of the Periodic TableHow the periodic table is arranged into periods, groups, and families — and why that arrangement isn't arbitrary.11 questions
  4. 4Periodic TrendsAtomic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity, and electronegativity — and the two forces (nuclear charge and shielding) that explain every one of these trends.Interactive11 questions
  5. 5Ionic Bonding & CompoundsHow metals and nonmetals transfer electrons to form stable, oppositely-charged ions that pack together into a crystal lattice.11 questions
  6. 6IUPAC NomenclatureThe systematic rules for naming ionic and molecular compounds — binary ionic, multivalent metals, polyatomic ions, hydrates, and binary molecular compounds.12 questions
  7. 7Covalent Bonding & Lewis StructuresHow nonmetals share electrons to reach a stable octet, and a step-by-step method for drawing any Lewis structure.11 questions
  8. 8Bond Types & Electronegativity DifferenceUsing electronegativity difference (ΔEN) to classify a bond as ionic, polar covalent, or nonpolar covalent — plus coordinate covalent bonds.12 questions
  9. 9Molecular Shape (VSEPR) & PolarityHow electron domains arrange themselves in 3-D space, and how shape plus bond polarity together determine whether a whole molecule is polar.Interactive12 questions
  10. 10Intermolecular ForcesThe forces that act between separate molecules (not within them), and how their relative strength controls boiling and melting points.10 questions
  11. 11The Special Properties of WaterWhy water behaves so differently from most other small molecules — and why virtually all of it traces back to hydrogen bonding.10 questions