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Exploring Canadian Geography

Grade 9 De-streamed, following the Ontario curriculum.

  • 5 units
  • 31 lessons
  • 252 practice questions
  • 262 flashcards
  • 3 simulators
Start Unit 1Exam review →
Try oneCGC1W · The Concepts of Geographic Thinking
"Since the 1970s, Canada's median age has risen." Which concept does this statement mainly describe?

Units

Unit 1 · 4 lessons · ~10% of course

Geographic Thinking & Skills

The toolkit for the whole course: the four concepts of geographic thinking, the inquiry process, judging sources (including AI-generated ones), reading maps with latitude, longitude, scale, direction and contours, and the geospatial technologies and careers that use these skills.

  1. 1The Concepts of Geographic Thinking
  2. 2Geographic Inquiry and Evaluating Sources
  3. 3Maps, Location, Scale and Direction
  4. 4Geospatial Technology and Geography Careers
Unit 2 · 8 lessons · ~25% of course

Physical Geography of Canada

Canada's landform regions and the geological, glacial and climatic processes that shaped them; climate, ecozones and water; natural hazards and climate change; and how the land shapes Canadian life, identity and stewardship.

  1. 1Canada's Landform Regions
  2. 2Rock Cycle, Plate Tectonics and Glaciation
  3. 3Climate and Its Factors; Reading Climate Graphs
  4. 4Ecozones: Vegetation, Soils and Wildlife
  5. 5Water: Drainage Basins, Lakes, Rivers and Ocean Currents
  6. 6Natural Hazards and Disasters in Canada
  7. 7Climate Change in Canada: Consequences, Mitigation and Adaptation
  8. 8People and the Land: Livelihoods, Identity and Stewardship
Unit 3 · 7 lessons · ~25% of course

Managing Canada's Resources & Industries

Canada's renewable, non-renewable and flow resources and where they are found; farming, forestry, fishing, mining and energy; knowledge-based industries, industrial location and trade; land tenure, Indigenous rights and economic reconciliation; and how to judge whether resource use is sustainable, right down to the products you use every day.

  1. 1Types of Resources and Where They Are Found
  2. 2Primary Industries: Farming, Forestry, Fishing and Mining
  3. 3Energy Resources and Clean Energy
  4. 4Economic Sectors, Knowledge-Based Industries and Careers
  5. 5Where Industries Locate, and Canada's Trade Connections
  6. 6Land Tenure, Indigenous Rights and Economic Reconciliation
  7. 7Sustainable Development and the Life of Everyday Products
Unit 4 · 6 lessons · ~20% of course

Changing Populations

How Canada's population is counted and why it changes; population pyramids, aging and dependency; immigration and migration within Canada; where Canadians live and why; quality of life and well-being measured with real data; and the population issues, from housing to refugees, that Canada and the world face now.

  1. 1Measuring Population: Rates, Growth and the Census
  2. 2Population Pyramids, Aging and Dependency
  3. 3Immigration to Canada: Categories, Sources and Trends
  4. 4Internal Migration and Settlement Patterns
  5. 5Quality of Life and Well-Being: Indicators and Data
  6. 6Population Issues for Canada and the World
Unit 5 · 6 lessons · ~20% of course

Liveable Communities

How land is used in Canadian communities and why; how nature, climate change, money, culture and politics shape planning; urban sprawl versus compact growth and the tools used to manage it; and how food, transportation and energy systems, housing, accessibility and culturally informed design make a community more or less sustainable and liveable.

  1. 1Land Use in Communities
  2. 2Urban Growth, Sprawl and Planning Tools
  3. 3Sustainable Food Systems
  4. 4Transportation Systems and Their Sustainability
  5. 5Energy Use in Communities: Policy and Choices
  6. 6Sustainable and Culturally Informed Community Design

Simulators

Simulators for every course →
CGC1W
Climate Graph Lab

Draw real climate graphs for ten Canadian cities, work out the range, mean and total precipitation, and use LOWERN to explain why Vancouver and Winnipeg are so different.

Used in 2 lessons
CGC1W
Population Pyramid Lab

Change fertility, life expectancy and immigration, then watch a population pyramid age five years at a time as the median age and dependency ratio change.

Used in 2 lessons
CGC1W
Map Skills Lab

Practise latitude and longitude, map scale and compass bearings with instant feedback and a worked solution for every question.

Used in 1 lesson